Records audio and saves it to a folder Android Java Example

1/  Create A New Project  Add xml 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:id="@+id/main"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button2"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginTop="340dp"
        android:text="Record"
        android:onClick="btnRecordPressed"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/button"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginTop="340dp"
        android:text="Stop"
        android:onClick="btnStopPressed"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/button3"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_chainStyle="spread"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/button2"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button3"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginTop="340dp"
        android:text="Play"
        android:onClick="btnPlayPressed"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/button"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

2/  Gave permission for Record Audio 

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO"/>

3/   MainActivity.Java.

package com.tutorialb.recordsaudioandsave;

import android.content.ContextWrapper;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.media.MediaPlayer;
import android.media.MediaRecorder;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Toast;

import androidx.activity.EdgeToEdge;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.core.app.ActivityCompat;
import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat;
import androidx.core.graphics.Insets;
import androidx.core.view.ViewCompat;
import androidx.core.view.WindowInsetsCompat;

import java.io.File;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private static int MICROPHONE_PERMISSION_CODE = 200;
    MediaRecorder mediaRecorder;
    MediaPlayer mediaPlayer;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        EdgeToEdge.enable(this);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        ViewCompat.setOnApplyWindowInsetsListener(findViewById(R.id.main), (v, insets) -> {
            Insets systemBars = insets.getInsets(WindowInsetsCompat.Type.systemBars());
            v.setPadding(systemBars.left, systemBars.top, systemBars.right, systemBars.bottom);
            return insets;
        });

        if (isMicrophonePresent()) {
            getMicrophonePermission();
        }
    }
    public void btnRecordPressed (View v) {
        try {
            mediaRecorder = new MediaRecorder();
            mediaRecorder.setAudioSource(MediaRecorder.AudioSource.MIC);
            mediaRecorder.setOutputFormat(MediaRecorder.OutputFormat.THREE_GPP);
            mediaRecorder.setOutputFile(getRecordingFilePath());
            mediaRecorder.setAudioEncoder(MediaRecorder.AudioEncoder.AMR_NB);
            mediaRecorder.prepare();
            mediaRecorder.start();

            Toast.makeText(this, "Recording is started", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
        catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }


    }

    public void btnStopPressed (View v) {

        mediaRecorder.stop();
        mediaRecorder.release();
        mediaRecorder = null;

        Toast.makeText(this, "Recording is stopped", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }

    public void btnPlayPressed (View v) {

        try {
            mediaPlayer = new MediaPlayer();
            mediaPlayer.setDataSource(getRecordingFilePath());
            mediaPlayer.prepare();
            mediaPlayer.start();

            Toast.makeText(this, "Recording is playing", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
        catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    private boolean isMicrophonePresent() {
        if (this.getPackageManager().hasSystemFeature(PackageManager.FEATURE_MICROPHONE)) {
            return true;
        }
        else {
            return false;
        }
    }

    private void getMicrophonePermission() {

        if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, android.Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO)
                == PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED){
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[] {android.Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO}, MICROPHONE_PERMISSION_CODE);
        }
    }

    private String getRecordingFilePath() {
        ContextWrapper contextWrapper = new ContextWrapper(getApplicationContext());
        File musicDirectory = contextWrapper.getExternalFilesDir(Environment.DIRECTORY_MUSIC);
        File file = new File(musicDirectory, "testRecorddingFile" + ".mp3");
        return file.getPath();
    }

}